SharePoint 2010 Installation Types
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SharePoint 2010 is offered in two categories, with four editions within each of the categories—a total of eight editions from which you can choose.
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Intranet (On Premise)
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Internet (Cloud)
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BEST PRACTICES This chapter provides a brief overview of the two categories and the editions within each of them. After gathering, organizing, and analyzing your organization’s requirements, you will be able to determine which editions fulfill your needs, and then you should perform in-depth research on the possible choices before deciding which one you will implement.
1. SharePoint Intranet Editions
There are four editions to choose from if you plan to implement SharePoint as an intranet, or on premise, installation. These include
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SharePoint Foundation 2010
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SharePoint 2010
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FAST Search Server for SharePoint
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SharePoint 2010 Online
The following sections provide you with a brief overview of the features and advantages of each of these editions to help you determine which one you should install for your internal organization.
1.1. SharePoint Foundation 2010
In general, SharePoint Foundation 2010 is a good choice for smaller organizations or for department-level implementations, because it provides an inexpensive entry-level or pilot collaboration technology through a secure Web-based interface. This edition of SharePoint 2010 is free for you to download and install. You can use it to organize documents, organize schedules, and participate in discussions through blogs, wikis, workspaces, and document libraries using the underlying SharePoint infrastructure.
1.2. SharePoint 2010
SharePoint 2010 requires you to purchase and install the program, along with the appropriate client access licenses (CALs) that will be used by your internal organization. You can choose from two types of licensing options available for SharePoint 2010: Standard and Enterprise editions. The binaries that are installed are the same for both editions, but some features are disabled after you complete a Standard Edition installation. The same installation source files are used for both editions of SharePoint 2010, but the product key you enter during the installation determines if the installation will have a Standard or an Enterprise license. There is a price difference between the two editions, of course, so you should analyze what your requirements are before deciding which edition you need to purchase and install.
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Standard Client Access Licensing Organizations that want to deploy a business collaboration platform that can be used to manage multiple content types will find the Standard CAL option is the most cost-effective choice. With these licenses, you are able to use the core capabilities of SharePoint 2010 to manage your content and business processes, search and share information as well as users’ expertise, and simplify how people work together across different organizations.
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Enterprise Client Access Licensing Organizations that want to take advantage of the advanced scenarios in SharePoint 2010 to allow end users to search, create, and work with data and documents in disparate sources using familiar and unified infrastructure, such as Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer, will choose the Enterprise CAL option. You can use the Enterprise CAL capabilities of SharePoint 2010 to integrate the program fully with external line-of-business (LOB) applications, Web services, and Microsoft Office client applications. This edition will promote better decision making by providing rich data visualization, dashboards, and advanced analytics along with more robust forms and workflow-based solutions.
The good news is that a Standard Edition of SharePoint 2010 can be upgraded easily to the Enterprise Edition in Central Administration without performing an additional installation. However, to change from an Enterprise Edition to a Standard Edition does require you to uninstall the Enterprise Edition and perform a new installation of the Standard Edition.
1.3. FAST Search Server for SharePoint
The FAST Search Server edition of SharePoint is an advanced version of SharePoint 2010, described in the previous section. It includes all of the functionality of SharePoint 2010 Enterprise Edition, with the addition of Microsoft FAST Search technology. The FAST Search features include contextual search (such as recognizing departments), more scalability of the search feature, and the ability to add metadata to unstructured content, making it easier to search.
1.4. SharePoint 2010 Online
This edition of SharePoint 2010 is a cloud version of the software that provides a hosted SharePoint solution for your organization, similar to the Microsoft Business Productivity Online Suite (BPOS). You can use this edition of SharePoint 2010 to provide your organization with the functionality of SharePoint without installing the product in-house. The SharePoint 2010 Online edition is available in two versions: Standard and Dedicated.
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SharePoint Online Standard Version The Standard version is a shared version of SharePoint with multiple user bases, and it includes most of the functionality required to support a company intranet that is focused on communication and collaboration. The SharePoint Online version offers the following functionality.
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Collaboration
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Portals
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Search
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Content Management
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Business Process and Forms
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SharePoint Online Dedicated Version The Dedicated SharePoint Online version offers more functionality, including authentication methods and customizations, and it also requires separate installations on separate servers for each user base. A user base could be an entire company or simply a department, but each installation is handled independently.
2. SharePoint Internet Editions
There are also four editions to choose from if your organization wants to use an Internet, or cloud, implementation of SharePoint 2010. You would choose one of these editions if your organization will store SharePoint content that you want to make accessible by way of an extranet or the Internet.
2.1. SharePoint 2010 for Internet Sites, Standard Edition
This edition of SharePoint 2010 is for small to mid-size organizations that want to create public Internet sites or basic extranet sites using the standard features of SharePoint 2010. The functionality you have with SharePoint 2010 within your intranet can be made available on an extranet or a public-facing Internet implementation using this edition.
2.2. SharePoint 2010 for Internet Sites, Enterprise Edition
This edition is for larger organizations that want to create scalable customer-facing Internet websites or private, secure extranet sites using the Enterprise capabilities of SharePoint 2010. It is similar to the Internet Sites, Standard Edition, but more scalability and management functions are included in the Enterprise version of SharePoint 2010 for Internet Sites.
2.3. FAST Search Server 2010 for Internet Business
This edition of SharePoint 2010 adds the FAST Search engine to SharePoint 2010 for Internet Sites, Enterprise Edition. FAST Search for Internet Business provides public websites with flexible, search-driven capabilities including content integration and interaction management.
2.4. SharePoint Online for Internet Services
This edition is similar to the SharePoint 2010 Online edition, in that it provides a hosted SharePoint solution for your organization. However, it is anticipated that this edition will support more online capacity.
This chapter will discuss several main points about installing SharePoint 2010 and will help you understand how SharePoint should be installed, regardless of what edition you are using. All of the following sections about the installation of SharePoint 2010 are relevant to any of the editions you choose to install.
3. SharePoint Server Roles
In planning the installation, you also need to consider the different servers that you need to have available to complete the installation of SharePoint 2010. In your deployment plan, you need to consider the number of Web front-end servers (WFEs) and application servers as well as their roles within the farm. There are four primary server roles required during a SharePoint installation.
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Web front-end server
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Application server
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Database server
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Active Directory server
The Web server role in SharePoint 2010 focuses on handling the requests of clients and rendering pages to them. The application role is optimized for processing requests in the background. SharePoint information is retrieved from the database server, and the Active Directory server provides user authentication.
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BEST PRACTICES Although it isn’t required, best practice for optimal performance is to have these server roles reside on different computers. However, if your budget prohibits deploying different servers for each role, a single computer can host more than one of these roles.
3.1. Web Front-End Server
The Web Front end Server is the server that is hosting IIS and serves the websites.
You can have multiple WFEs hosting the Web applications that your users connect to, which will provide high availability and, if configured, load balancing.
3.2. Application Servers
Similar to SharePoint Server 2007, you can have multiple application servers managing and serving applications to the WFE servers.
An Application Server has services on it, for example, like Excel services, Project server, etc..
3.3. Database Server
A database server simply hosts the SharePoint core db's and the other Content databases.. It just has SQL Server installation on it. Fail over clustering can be implemented.
3.4. Active Directory
Active Directory is used by SharePoint 2010 for different purposes, each of which requires different preparation. First, SharePoint uses domain user accounts when running services. Second, domain user accounts are configured as identities for application pools in Internet Information Services (IIS).
User accounts from Active Directory can be imported into a SharePoint Profile database to enable enhanced social search capabilities. When user accounts are imported from Active Directory for use in user profiles, make sure that the metadata that describes the user is current. You can schedule changes to be imported in an incremental fashion. Additional information about users can be imported from other sources, such as a human resources (HR) system.
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